Nutrition
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Gut-related metabolites have been linked with respiratory disease. The crosstalk between the gut and lungs suggests that gut health may be compromised in COVID-19. ⋯ As results, metabolites from this panel were impaired in patients with COVID-19 and were associated with the symptoms of breathlessness and temperature, and it was possible to differentiate between COVID-19 and asthma. Preliminary results showed that lower levels of betaine appeared to be associated with poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19, suggesting betaine as a marker of gut microbiome health.
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The aim of this study was to determine the association between cytokine levels in metabolic phenotypes. Our hypothesis was that an unhealthy metabolic profile is associated to higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines. ⋯ These results indicated that excess weight and altered metabolic profile are related to inflammation, especially when both conditions are associated, possibly linked to visceral adiposity. Therefore, the categorization of metabolic phenotypes in populations is an important factor for prevention of chronic diseases, as inflammation is associated with cardiovascular risk and obesity is not the only influencing factor.
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Observational Study
Mean arterial pressure/norepinephrine equivalent dose index as an early measure of initiation time for enteral nutrition in patients with shock: A prospective observational study.
The aim of this study was to compare the predictive ability of the norepinephrine dose (NE), norepinephrine equivalent dose (NEQ), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)/NEQ index to predict the optimal time to initiate enteral nutrition in patients with shock on vasopressors. ⋯ Compared with the NE and NEQ, it could be possible with the MAP/NEQ index to distinguish earlier whether patients with shock receiving vasopressors were suitable for initiation of EN, thereby avoiding FI.
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Disease-related malnutrition should be managed before negative consequences occur. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of unintended weight loss and reduced food intake among patients ≥18 y of age attending a general practice. ⋯ Overall, 14.2% of the patients had unintended weight loss, 12.9% had reduced food intake, and 62.3% had both, indicating a high prevalence of unintended weight loss among patients in general practice. Unintended weight loss seems relevant and feasible to use as an initial indicator for the need for further nutritional screening in general practice. Studies are needed to investigate the effect of interventions and outcomes.
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Undernutrition is a major public health concern, particularly in children. The burden is higher in developing countries. Undernutrition is considered when there is one or more of the following: stunting, underweight, or wasting. Childhood undernutrition can have numerous long-term effects: a lower physical capacity for work, lower intellectual quotients, greater risk for morbidity and mortality, and cognitive impairment. Undernourished children also can have poor cognitive scores, a high absenteeism rate, and high class repetition compared with non-undernourished children. The aim of this study was to assess undernutrition and its associated factors among public and private primary school children in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. ⋯ The prevalence of undernutrition was high. Children in public schools were highly vulnerable to undernutrition compared with those in private schools. Not having a family car, snack frequency no more than twice daily, and vigorous intensity sports increase the risk for undernutrition among public school children. Family income below the median, not preferring sweets, and not having a habit of eating while reading increase the risk for undernutrition among private school children. It is better to give attention to healthy dietary habits and healthy lifestyles to reduce childhood undernutrition.