Nutrition
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Zinc and copper are important to protect cells from oxidative stress and to enhance immunity. An association between low zinc levels and the severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome has been shown for people with COVID-19. We aimed to study serum zinc and copper concentrations in people with severe COVID-19 and zinc supplementation in parenteral nutrition (PN). ⋯ Serum zinc concentrations during PN support were inversely associated with length of hospital stay but not with mortality. Serum copper concentrations were lower in participants in critical condition but not associated with prognosis.
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We sought to investigate the cognition of preschoolers in rural China and examine the relationship between dietary diversity and cognition. ⋯ Consuming a more diverse diet may contribute to better cognition in preschoolers. Future research is needed to better understand the possible causal effect of dietary diversity on cognitive development.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the serum levels of prealbumin and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ⋯ Low prealbumin levels were associated with an increased risk for sarcopenia in older men with T2DM.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the association between measures of body composition based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and histologic severity of liver disease in a pediatric cohort with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ⋯ There is an inverse association between BIA-based measures of muscle mass and severity of hepatic steatosis in children with NAFLD. BIA data could further inform clinical decision making in this context.
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We sought to develop and evaluate the relative validity of a dietary diversity questionnaire (DDQ) that reflects food-group diversity, food variety, and micronutrient adequacy among New Zealand women. ⋯ The DDQ is a quick, low-burden tool for describing nutritious and discretionary dietary diversity reflecting micronutrient adequacy in high-income settings. It requires further validation across different time frames, population groups, and settings.