Acta neurologica Scandinavica
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Acta Neurol. Scand. · Mar 1982
Case ReportsAssociation of trigeminal neuralgia with multiple sclerosis: clinical and pathological features.
The clinical characteristics of facial pain in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and associated multiple sclerosis (MS) were studied. Among 900 patients with TN 22 (2.4%) had associated MS. Sixteen patients had typical TN, while six had atypical TN. ⋯ Seventeen patients had associated signs of brain-stem involvement. The facial pain was, however, indistinguishable from the pain in patients without brain-stem deficits. While sclerotic plaques in the central nervous system probably are of etiological significance for development of TN neither clinical nor neuropathological findings suggest that this is due to affection of trigeminal nuclei complex in the brain-stem.
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Acta Neurol. Scand. · Jul 1981
Fibrinolytic activity of cerebral tissue after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage: inhibitory effect of tranexamic acid (AMCA).
The influence of tranexamic acid (AMCA) on the fibrinolytic activity induced by plasminogen activators (PA) of the cerebral leptomeninges, arteries and choroid plexus after artificial subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) was studied in 90 rabbits. SAH was induced by injection of 1-2 ml autologous blood into the suboccipital cistern. Half of the rabbits were given AMCA, 200 mg per kg body weight, in daily single i.v. injections. ⋯ In AMCA treated animals the meningeal PA, assayed by both methods, was decreased 3-5 days after SAH while no or an insignificant decrease in PA was seen 8-10 and 14-15 days after SAH. The PA of the arterial vessel wall and choroid plexus in the AMCA treated animals, assayed by the histochemical method, was moderately decreased 3-5 days after SAH, while no significant differences between untreated and AMCA treated animals were seen after 8-10 or 14-15 days when the tissues were assayed by either method. These findings indicate that AMCA suppresses PA primarily in the leptomeninges during the first few days after SAH and presumably before the meningeal fibrosis has developed.
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The mode of action of dantrolene sodium was studied in 11 multiple sclerosis patients with spastic paresis of the legs by measurements of changes in electromyographic and mechanomyographic proprioceptive reflex responses and in voluntary power. Dantrolene sodium 0.5 mg per kg body weight given intravenously clearly reduced monosynaptic reflex twitch tension, but voluntary power only moderately so. ⋯ The mode of action of the drug on spindle function is discussed on the basis of the present findings and the literature. It is concluded that dantrolene sodium does not reduce spindle stretch sensitivity, but probably reduces activity in group II and tonic 1a afferent fibers.
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Hypoxic brain injury is the most important neurological problem in the neonatal period and accounts for more neurological deficits in children than any other lesion. The neurological deficits are notably mental retardation, epilepsy and cerebral palsy. The pathogenesis has hitherto been poorly understood. ⋯ The 133Xe clearance technique was used for the cerebral blood flow measurements. The study confirmed that perinatal distress may be associated with low arterial blood pressure, and it was shown that cerebral blood flow is very low, 20 ml/100 g/min or less, in hypotensive perinatal distress. It is concluded that cerebral ischaemia plays a crucial role in the development of perinatal hypoxic brain injury.
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Acta Neurol. Scand. · Sep 1977
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialBromocriptine versus placebo in levodopa treated patients with Parkinson's disease.
Twenty patients with idiopathic parkinsonism who had been on optimal levodopa therapy for at least 3 months prior to the investigation and where effect of the treatment was decreasing or side effects were increasing, were treated with bromocriptine in a double-blind crossover trial during a 12 + 12 weeks period. Reduction in disability scores was found significant. ⋯ Doses were 2.5 mg-40 mg. Bromocriptine seems a valuable supplement to previous therapy in these patients.