British medical bulletin
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British medical bulletin · Dec 2022
ReviewWorkplace exposure to UV radiation and strategies to minimize cancer risk.
Workplace exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) causes malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The evidence for beneficial effects of solar UV exposure in reducing the risks for other cancers is increasing. The intensity of UV radiation at the Earth's surface is dependent on latitude, but even in northern European countries exposure can be high enough for outdoor work to cause skin cancer. ⋯ Exposure-response epidemiological studies; studies of the health benefits of occupational UV exposure; studies of the effectiveness of intervention strategies to prevent skin cancer. Use of low-cost UV sensors in workplaces.
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British medical bulletin · Dec 2022
ReviewA review of COVID vaccines: success against a moving target.
Multiple vaccine platforms against COVID-19 have been developed and found safe and efficacious at a record speed. Although most are effective, they vary in their ease of production and distribution, their potential speed of modification against new variants, and their durability of protection and safety in certain target groups. ⋯ The global effort to combat transmission and disease continues to rely upon intense epidemiological surveillance, whilst real-world data and clinical trials shape vaccination schedules and formulae.
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British medical bulletin · Dec 2022
Surgical controversies and current concepts in Lisfranc injuries.
Lisfranc injuries, not as rare as previously reported, range from ligamentous to complex fracture-dislocations. Anatomical studies have identified a complex of discrete structures, and defined the anatomical characteristics of the Lisfranc joint. ⋯ The current controversies in surgical treatment remain around techniques and outcomes, as randomized controlled trials are infrequent.
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British medical bulletin · Dec 2022
The use of long head biceps tendon autograft for massive rotator cuff tears: a PRISMA compliant systematic review.
Rotator cuff tears (RCT) are a common cause of shoulder pain and disability, with massive RCT accounting for 10-40% of all rotator cuff tears. ⋯ Prospective long term follow-up studies and randomized controlled trials are needed, adding imaging evaluation and appropriate clinical outcome measures at follow-up.
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There is evidence for a bi-directional relationship between COVID-19 and the cardiovascular (CV) system. ⋯ Large-scale longitudinal studies will shed light on long-term CV outcomes with COVID-19. Furthermore, the differential effects of COVID-19 variants on the CV system must be investigated.