Articles: low-back-pain.
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Review
The Global Spine Care Initiative: a summary of the global burden of low back and neck pain studies.
This article summarizes relevant findings related to low back and neck pain from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) reports for the purpose of informing the Global Spine Care Initiative. ⋯ Low back and neck pain prevalence and disability have increased markedly over the past 25 years and will likely increase further with population aging. Spinal disorders should be prioritized for research funding given the huge and growing global burden. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Modic changes (MCs) associated with low back pain (LBP) have been assessed in a few studies. It has been documented that patients with LBP have MCs in a specific segment, but the relationship between facet joint or disc degeneration and MCs is still disputed. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between MC and facet joint or disc degeneration using imaging. ⋯ MCs are correlated with the grade of lumbar spine degeneration, including lumbar disc and facet joint degeneration. MCs, especially type II, frequently occurred in severe degeneration of the lumbar disc and facet joint. Thus, MC may be one of the manifestations of lumbar disc and facet joint degeneration.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Sep 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialOsteopathic Manipulative Treatment Including Specific Diaphragm Techniques Improves Pain and Disability in Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Trial.
To investigate the effects of an osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), which includes a diaphragm intervention compared to the same OMT with a sham diaphragm intervention in chronic nonspecific low back pain (NS-CLBP). ⋯ An OMT protocol that includes diaphragm techniques produces significant and clinically relevant improvements in pain and disability in patients with NS-CLBP compared to the same OMT protocol using sham diaphragm techniques.
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J Orthop Sports Phys Ther · Sep 2018
Psychometric Properties of the Photograph Series of Daily Activities-Short Electronic Version (PHODA-SeV) in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain.
Background The Photograph Series of Daily Activities-short electronic version (PHODA-SeV) assesses perceived harmfulness of daily activities in patients with low back pain (LBP). Although there is some evidence that the PHODA-SeV is a reliable and valid tool, its psychometric properties have not been fully investigated. Objectives To investigate the test-retest reliability, measurement error, interpretability, construct validity, and internal and external responsiveness of the PHODA-SeV in patients with chronic LBP. ⋯ This tool, however, failed to identify those patients who did or did not improve, according to other pain-related fear measures. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(9):719-727. Epub 23 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7864.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Inhibition of pain and pain-related brain activity by heterotopic noxious counter-stimulation and selective attention in chronic non-specific low back pain.
The aim of the present study was to assess inhibition of pain and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) by heterotopic noxious counter-stimulation (HNCS) and by selective attention in patients with chronic non-specific LBP. Seventeen patients and age/sex-matched controls were recruited (10 men, 7 women; mean age ± SD: 43.3 ± 10.4 and 42.7 ± 11.1, respectively). On average, patients with LBP reported pain duration of 7.6 ± 6.5 years, light to moderate disability (19.3 ± 5.7/100) and low clinical pain intensity (21.8 ± 1.5/100), while pain catastrophizing, state and trait anxiety and depressive symptoms were not significantly different between groups (all p's >0.05). ⋯ This indicates that patients with the characteristics described above do not show altered pain inhibitory mechanisms involved in HNCS and selective attention. Importantly, this experiment was carefully designed to control for non-specific effects associated with the repetition of the test stimulus and the effect of an innocuous counter-stimulation. It remains to be determined if these results hold for patients with severe LBP and psychological symptoms or whether symptom severity may be associated with pain inhibition deficits.