Nutrition
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Skipping breakfast prolongs the fasting state initiated after the last meal consumed the previous day and can have negative effects on muscle protein balance. The aim of this crossover trial was to examine the effects of skipping breakfast before a single bout of resistance exercise (RE) on muscle protein breakdown (MPB), as assessed using the urinary 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio (3-MH/Cr). ⋯ Eating breakfast before RE can be beneficial for MPB suppression. The importance of breakfast consumption in terms of positive muscle protein balance is emphasized on sports fields.
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Evidence for appropriate nutritional assessment, energy prediction, and adaptation and their effect on outcomes after stroke is scarce. We sought to determine the frequency of individualized dietary prescriptions issued for individuals undergoing rehabilitation after stroke and to analyze the effect of diet-prescription frequency on outcomes after stroke. ⋯ Frequent and individualized nutritional support is associated with improved nutritional status, physical function, and dysphagia after stroke. Intensive nutritional support through multidisciplinary discussion plays a central role in the prevention and management of malnutrition to maximize the improvement of patient outcomes. This study is the first to report this association.
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Advances in metabolomic tools have allowed us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma metabolomic profiles and MetS. ⋯ Plasma metabolomic profiles were associated with MetS, especially the amino acid serine and some acyl-alkyl PCs.
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Sarcopenic dysphagia is partly characterized by a decline in the strength of the swallowing muscles. However, its associated characteristics and symptoms are unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics and symptoms of swallowing ability associated with low tongue muscle strength, which is one of the swallowing muscles in older adults. ⋯ Patients with low tongue strength are characterized by abnormal oral and cough-related characteristics.
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The aim of this study was to determine sensitivity, specificity, and best cutoff point for adductor pollicis muscle thickness (APMT) for diagnosis of sarcopenia in elderly community centers. ⋯ The APMT can be used for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The optimal cutoff points for APMT are 17.63 mm for women and 18.51 mm for men in elderly communities in the Central-West Region of Brazil.